The Ultimate Guide to Japan

Japan is often at right at the top of people’s travel wish lists thanks to its unique culture that seamlessly blends tradition and modernity. Imagine weaving through skyscrapers to discover a serene ancient temple where you can enjoy a moment of peace, or escaping the fast-paced life of cities where innovation reigns supreme to explore the country’s beautiful natural landscapes.

One moment you’re stepping back in time as you wander through historic districts adorned with traditional wooden houses, ancient shrines, Buddhist temples and tranquil tea gardens, where you can experience an elegant tea ceremony, then the next you’re being served by a robot in a restaurant overlooking the cityscape after enjoying a day of world-class shopping, in Tokyo’s neon-lit streets.

Take a look at our expert-written guides for recommendations for every type of traveller, whether it’s your first time in Japan or fiftieth. We’ll provide insight into the best times to visit, essential travel tips, and must-see destinations, and insider info from the Riviera Travel team.

Top Things to Do and See in Japan

If you’re overwhelmed by all of options for things to do when visiting this diverse country, our in-depth guide on things to do in Japan gives an overview of the highlights of its main cities and sites and why you should visit, including:

Where to Stay When Visiting Japan

Where you stay in Japan can significantly shape your experience. Tokyo provides a thrilling urban adventure with its nightlife and shopping, Kyoto offers a deep dive into cultural heritage, and Okinawa invites you to relax and soak up the sun on its pristine beaches. Here’s a guide to the best places to stay based on your interests:

Tokyo

Why Stay in Tokyo: Tokyo is the epitome of a bustling metropolis, and its nightlife scene is legendary, but it offers plenty of opportunity for a moment of peace. From the serenity of its shrines and gardens to the business of the famous Tsukiji fish market and its wonderfully chaotic districts like Shinjuku with its vibrant bars and karaoke spots, Tokyo offers something for everyone. During the day, the city boasts world-class shopping, fascinating museums, and futuristic attractions, while the evenings come alive with neon lights and a lively atmosphere.

Top Areas to Stay in Tokyo:

Shibuya

Famous for the iconic Shibuya Crossing, Shibuya is Tokyo’s entertainment and fashion hub, ideal for those who want to experience the city’s energetic nightlife. The area is home to trendy bars, clubs, and entertainment complexes. It’s also a shopper’s paradise, with numerous fashion stores and boutiques.

Shinjuku

Another exciting nightlife hotspot, Shinjuku is home to bars, izakayas (Japanese pubs), and entertainment venues. The area also features large department stores, traditional restaurants, and the tranquil Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, offering a balance of excitement and relaxation.

Kyoto

Why Stay in Kyoto: Kyoto is Japan’s cultural capital, steeped in history, tradition, and natural beauty. With its ancient temples, stunning gardens, and the iconic red torii gates of Fushimi Inari, Kyoto offers visitors an immersive cultural experience. It’s the perfect destination for those looking to explore Japan’s heritage, from tea ceremonies to beautiful shrines and scenic landscapes.

Top Areas to Stay in Kyoto:

Gion

Gion is Kyoto’s historic district, famous for its preserved traditional wooden machiya houses and the chance to spot geishas walking to their appointments. Staying here provides easy access to iconic cultural experiences such as tea ceremonies and visits to ancient temples, including Kiyomizu-dera.

Arashiyama

Located on the outskirts of Kyoto, Arashiyama is a more tranquil area for those looking to connect with nature. Famous for the Arashiyama Bamboo Grove, the area is also home to beautiful temples and scenic walking paths.

Okinawa

Why Stay in Okinawa: Okinawa is a tropical paradise known for its crystal-clear waters, white sandy beaches, and unique blend of Japanese and Ryukyu culture. It’s the ideal destination for relaxation, water sports, and cultural exploration, offering a laid-back vibe compared to the hustle and bustle of Japan’s major cities. Whether you're lounging on the beach, snorkelling in vibrant coral reefs, or learning about Okinawa’s history, this island offers a distinct and refreshing experience.

Top Areas to Stay in Okinawa:

Naha (Okinawa’s Capital)

Naha is the gateway to Okinawa, combining modern amenities with historical landmarks. The city is home to Shurijo Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and offers a range of dining and shopping options. Naha’s proximity to the airport makes it a convenient base for exploring the island. 

Onna Village

For a more relaxed and beach-centric experience, Onna Village is located along Okinawa’s western coast and is known for its resorts, crystal-clear waters, and coral reefs. This is the perfect spot for those wanting to unwind and enjoy water sports or beachside relaxation.

Hiroshima

Why Stay in Hiroshima: Hiroshima is a city of resilience, where history and modernity blend seamlessly. Known for its tragic past, it has transformed into a symbol of peace and hope. While its story begins with the devastation of World War II, today Hiroshima offers a profound experience through its Peace Memorial Park and Museum, as well as a lively atmosphere, vibrant neighbourhoods, and delicious food. Visitors can immerse themselves in the serene beauty of the city, explore historical sites, and enjoy local specialties like Hiroshima-style okonomiyaki (savoury pancake) and oysters. With a relaxed pace and a deep sense of history, Hiroshima is a place of reflection, but also one that invites exploration and enjoyment. 

Top Areas to Stay in Hiroshima:

Downtown Hiroshima (Naka Ward)

Located in the heart of the city, this bustling area is home to the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, the Atomic Bomb Dome, and other key landmarks that tell the story of the city's resilience. It also offers shopping districts, vibrant cafes, and delicious local food. The area has easy access to public transport, making it a convenient spot for exploring Hiroshima’s many attractions.
 

Hondori Shopping Street

A lively pedestrian street lined with shops, restaurants, and entertainment options, Hondori is a great place to experience the modern energy of Hiroshima. It’s perfect for those who want to mix history with shopping, as it’s just a short walk from Hiroshima Castle and other cultural sites. In the evenings, the area comes alive with a mix of diners, bars, and local pubs, making it an exciting spot for nightlife.

Miyajima Island (Itsukushima)

A short ferry ride from the city, Miyajima Island is a must-see destination for those staying in Hiroshima. Known for its iconic floating torii gate and the Itsukushima Shrine, the island offers a peaceful retreat with beautiful nature, hiking trails, and quaint shops. Staying here allows visitors to experience the tranquil side of Hiroshima, offering a perfect balance to the more urban areas of the city.

Cultural Etiquette In Japan

Japan is a country where tradition and respect play vital roles in daily life. Visitors are often struck by the politeness and formality of Japanese culture, which is rooted in deep respect for others. Understanding and observing key cultural practices and customs can help ensure a positive experience during your trip. Here’s an overview of some essential aspects of Japanese etiquette to keep in mind: 

Bowing

Bowing is one of the most well-known aspects of Japanese etiquette. It’s a way to show respect, gratitude, or apology and is used in both formal and informal situations. The depth of the bow varies depending on the occasion and the level of respect you wish to convey.

• Gentle bow: A light, informal bow is often used as a greeting or to show appreciation.
• Deep bow: A more formal bow, typically performed during respectful interactions, such as thanking someone for a significant favour or apologizing.

While Western-style handshakes have become more common, bowing is still the standard greeting in many situations. When in doubt, a slight bow can go a long way in showing respect.

Removing shoes

In Japan, it’s customary to remove your shoes when entering homes, certain traditional accommodations (like ryokan), temples, and some restaurants. This practice helps keep interiors clean and shows respect for the space you’re entering. 

Quiet, respectful behaviour in public spaces

In Japan, public behaviour is generally very reserved and quiet. People take great care not to disturb others, and this extends to everything from public transport to everyday encounters.

Dining etiquette

Chopsticks are the primary eating utensil. Do not stick your chopsticks upright into a bowl of rice, as it resembles a funeral custom. Also, avoid passing food directly from one set of chopsticks to another, as it’s reminiscent of a funeral rite.

Personal space and physical contact

Japanese culture values personal space, and physical contact, particularly between strangers, is kept to a minimum. 

Best Time to Visit Japan

Japan has something to offer throughout the entire year, but spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) tend to be most popular thanks to the weather. Whether you’re witnessing the beauty of the cherry blossoms in Tokyo and Kyoto during spring or enjoying the colorful autumn leaves in Kyoto’s temples, these times of year offer a perfect balance of pleasant weather and beautiful scenery. Combined with the many traditional festivals that celebrate the changing seasons, these are undoubtedly the best times to visit Japan for those seeking natural beauty, cultural experiences, and unforgettable memories.

What to Eat When Visiting Japan

Japan is a paradise for food lovers, offering a vast array of unique and flavorful dishes that range from fresh seafood to comforting noodles and delicate sweets. Whether you’re a fan of sushi or curious to try something new like Takoyaki, Japan’s food scene has something to excite every palate. There are some traditional culinary experiences to try whilst exploring this country, including sampling street food, or taking part in a traditional tea ceremony. You may also want to take a cooking class so that you can bring back some skills with you to keep the adventure going, whether it’s sushi, ramen or something more unusual to impress your friends.

We have a full guide to the must-try dishes and culinary experiences that will make your trip unforgettable, but the most famous dishes that you should sample are:

• Sushi – specially prepared rice, either topped with fish or vegetables, or rolled up with a filling of vegetables, meat or chicken, and wrapped in seaweed
• Ramen – a rich broth with noodles and toppings, including chicken, pork, vegetables and egg
• Tempura – battered and deep-fried vegetable, seafood or meat eaten along, with rice or in sushi rolls
• Takoyaki – octopus dough balls usually sold at street food stalls on sticks, to eat as you walk
• Okonomiyaki – savoury pancake made fresh at street food stalls, with toppings including cabbage, chicken, pork or cheese
• Sushi-Don and Donburi - rice bowls with toppings
• Matcha – green tea, served hot or cold
• Traditional sweets - such as mochi or wagashi

Best Ways to Get Around in Japan

Japan’s transportation system is second to none – it’s famous for being unbelievably punctual (20 seconds late would be considered a delay!) and clean. Riviera Travel take care of all of your transfers and transport during your holiday to Japan, so you don’t have to worry about learning the various transport issues, but if you’re interested in, here’s a quick overview of the best ways to get around in Japan:

• Shinkansen (Bullet Trains): the Shinkansen is Japan’s famous high-speed bullet train network, known for its speed, punctuality, and comfort. The trains connect major cities and regions, allowing you to travel across Japan in record time. For example, a trip from Tokyo to Kyoto takes just about 2.5 hours, making it a popular option for tourists who want to explore different cities in a short period.
• Local Trains: local trains are the backbone of public transportation in Japan. These trains are perfect for short-distance travel within cities or to nearby towns. They are operated by various companies, such as JR (Japan Railways), Tokyo Metro, and Keio. The extensive network of local trains allows you to easily access all parts of major cities and regions.
• Subway: subway systems are an excellent way to travel within large cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto. The subway is fast, reliable, and often the most efficient option for getting around urban areas, especially during rush hours.
• Japan Rail Pass (JR Pass): the Japan Rail Pass is a special pass available to foreign tourists, allowing unlimited travel on JR trains, including the Shinkansen, local trains, and buses for a set period (7, 14, or 21 days). It’s a fantastic option if you plan to travel extensively across Japan and want to save money on long-distance train travel.
• Taxis: taxis are readily available in urban areas like Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto, but they can be costly.

Do You Need a Visa to Visit Japan?

People with UK passports can visit Japan for up to 90 days for tourism reasons without a visa. Your passport must be valid for the length of your stay, but no additional period of validity is required.

The .gov.uk website has the latest advice for entry requirements to Japan. 

Language to Know When Visiting Japan

While staff in restaurants and hotels will likely speak good English, there are some easy phrases will help you feel a bit more connected.

• Hello – Konnichiwa (kon-nee-chee-wah)
• Goodbye - Sayōnara (sigh-on-ara)
• Excuse me - Sumimasen (sue-me-mas-sen)
• Yes – Hai (hi)
• No – Nay
• Please – Onegaishimasu (on-ee-guy-she-mass-oo)
• Thank you – Arigatou (aree-gato)
• You’re welcome – Dōitashimashite (doh-ee-tash-ee-mash-ee-teh)
• Coffee – Kōhī (koh-he)
• Water – Mizu (mee-zoo)

What Currency is Used in Japan?

The currency in Japan is the yen (¥). Credit cards are becoming more common, but cash is still preferred, especially in rural areas or smaller establishments, so we recommend always carrying cash with you. 

Health & Safety Advice for Traveling to Japan

Travelling to Japan is generally safe, but taking precautions ensures a smooth trip. Ensure your routine vaccinations, including measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, and polio, are up to date. Consider hepatitis A and B vaccines if travelling extensively or engaging in certain activities.

Japan boasts a highly reliable healthcare system, but medical costs can be expensive. Therefore, comprehensive travel insurance covering medical emergencies, accidents, and repatriation is essential.

If you need to travel with mediation, Travel Health Pro has excellent tips on what you need to know,
but generally:

• You should always travel with your medication in your hand luggage, in case anything happens to your checked luggage.
• You should travel with your medication in its original packaging from the pharmacy.
• If possible, also take your prescription with you in case you need to get more medication.

What to Know When Visiting Japan

On an escorted tour, your Tour Manager will be able to help with any questions about local customs as you go, but here are some things to consider before you go.

Money

• The currency in Japan is the yen (¥).
• Credit cards are becoming more common, but cash is still preferred, especially in rural areas or smaller establishments, so we recommend always carrying cash with you
• ATMs in convenience stores (like 7-Eleven) and post offices are your best bet for withdrawing cash. However, not all ATMs accept foreign cards, so check the signage to be sure.
• Tipping is not practiced in Japan. In fact, it's often considered rude. Good service is expected as part of the job, and offering tips can make the staff uncomfortable. Rounding up your bill or offering small tokens of appreciation is acceptable in some settings, like hotels or ryokan inns, but is not expected.

Daily life

• In Japan, cars drive on the left-hand side of the road.
• Japanese society is generally very polite, and being quiet in public spaces is appreciated. Whether in trains, restaurants, or public areas, loud talking or talking on the phone is discouraged.
• Public transportation is punctual and efficient. Be prepared to follow train etiquette, such as giving up your seat for elderly or pregnant passengers and staying quiet. On many trains, there are also designated women-only cars during rush hours for safety and comfort.
• Smoking is restricted and should only be done in designated areas. Be mindful of no-smoking signs, especially in public spaces like parks and streets.

Religion

• Japan is predominantly Shinto and Buddhist, with many shrines and temples throughout the country. Religious practices are deeply ingrained in culture, but the majority of the population is not overtly religious.
• When visiting temples or shrines, it's customary to be respectful. You may see people performing rituals like washing their hands or bowing at the entrance. Take a moment to observe and follow the local customs.
• Shinto shrines often ask visitors to purify themselves by rinsing hands and mouth before entering, and temple etiquette may include offering coins or praying quietly.
• While not a religious country in the strictest sense, Japan takes its shrines and temples seriously, and disrespectful behaviour (such as loud talking or inappropriate clothing) should be avoided when visiting these sacred sites. 

Food and drink

• Japanese cuisine is diverse, with rice being the staple. Don’t be surprised if rice appears at almost every meal. Common foods include sushi, ramen, tempura, and yakitori, but regional dishes like Hiroshima-style okonomiyaki (savoury pancake) and Osaka’s Takoyaki (octopus balls) are also favourites
• Drinking alcohol is common in Japan, with sake, beer, and whiskey being particularly popular. If you’re out in a bar or izakaya (Japanese pub), it’s customary to pour drinks for others before pouring your own.
• Chopsticks are the primary eating utensil. Do not stick your chopsticks upright into a bowl of rice, as it resembles a funeral custom. Also, avoid passing food directly from one set of chopsticks to another, as it’s reminiscent of a funeral rite.
• Don’t be afraid of soup slurping – it’s perfectly normal in Japan, especially when eating noodles like ramen or soba. It’s seen as a way to enjoy the meal fully, so don’t be surprised when you’re at restaurants. 

Other tips

• Shoes off indoors – It's customary to remove your shoes when entering homes, temples, certain restaurants, and traditional ryokan inns. Always bring a clean pair of socks to wear inside!
• Language – While many Japanese people understand basic English, learning a few Japanese phrases (like arigato for "thank you" or sumimasen for "excuse me") can go a long way in showing respect for the local culture.
• Personal space is valued in Japan. While the country has dense populations, people maintain a high level of personal space in queues, on public transport, and when interacting with strangers. 

What to Wear in Japan

When traveling in Japan, it’s important to dress respectfully to align with cultural norms. In general, Japanese people tend to dress neatly and conservatively, especially in public or formal settings. When visiting temples, shrines, or traditional sites, modest clothing is appreciated—avoid overly revealing outfits.

Comfortable clothing is a must, especially during the summer months when it can be quite hot and humid. Light fabrics like cotton are ideal, and a good hat or sunglasses will protect you from the sun. For cooler months, layering is essential, as temperatures can fluctuate. A warm jacket, scarf, and layers will keep you comfortable in autumn and winter. When staying in traditional accommodations like ryokan inns, you’ll often be provided with indoor slippers and a yukata (casual kimono), so pack accordingly.

Remember, it’s also customary to remove your shoes indoors, so always have a clean pair of socks handy.

What Plugs Are Used in Japan?

Japan uses type A and B plugs. We recommend taking a universal adaptor so that you’re prepared for any eventuality. 

Japanese Laws & Emergency Info

When traveling in Japan, it’s important to be aware of certain laws and customs to ensure a smooth and respectful visit:

Alcohol and tobacco:

• Drinking alcohol is legal for those 20 and over, and it’s common to see people drinking in public places like parks or on the streets. However, excessive drunken behaviour can be frowned upon, and public intoxication should be avoided.
• Smoking is allowed in designated areas but prohibited in public spaces like streets, parks, and most indoor public places. Look for smoking areas, especially in restaurants or outside train stations.

Drugs:

• Japan has strict anti-drug laws. Possession of even small amounts of illegal substances like cannabis or certain prescription drugs can result in serious legal consequences, including arrest and deportation.

Laws on behaviour:

• Public behaviour should be discreet and respectful. Loud talking, inappropriate gestures, or public displays of affection can be seen as disrespectful.
• Photography: Always ask for permission before photographing people, especially in temples or shrines. Avoid taking pictures of military or government buildings.

Emergency numbers:

• Police: 110
• Ambulance/Fire: 119